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EMG biofeedback used to reduce standing levels of paraspinal muscle tension in chronic low back pain
Nouwen A
Pain 1983 Dec;17(4):353-360
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

Twenty chronic low back pain (LBP) patients with relatively high standing paraspinal EMG levels (> 5 microV) were randomly assigned to 2 groups. One group (n = 10) received EMG biofeedback training to reduce standing paraspinal EMG levels, the other group (n = 10) served as a waiting list control group. Changes in perceived pain (duration x intensity) and paraspinal EMG in standing position were measured at a 3 week pretreatment baseline, during the 3 week treatment period, and at a 3 week post-treatment baseline. Compared to patients in the waiting list control group, those who received EMG biofeedback showed a significant decrease in standing paraspinal EMG from pretreatment to post-treatment baseline. However, no significant differences in reported pain were found during these periods. It is concluded that reduction of standing paraspinal EMG does not lead to reduction in pain.

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