OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short- and long-term effects of dynamic ankle foot orthoses on functional ambulation activities in chronic hemiparetic patients. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: University's neurological rehabilitation outpatient clinic and orthotics department. SUBJECTS: Twenty-eight chronic hemiparetic patients of level 3 to 5 according to Functional Ambulation Classification and with a maximum spasticity level of 3 according to Modified Ashworth Scale, were randomly assigned to the study and control groups. INTERVENTIONS: The control group (n = 14) was assessed with tennis shoes whereas the study group (n = 14) was assessed initially with tennis shoes and after three months with dynamic ankle foot orthosis. MEASURES: Functional Reach, Timed Up and Go, Timed Up Stairs, Timed Down Stairs, gait velocity and Physiological Cost Index. RESULTS: In the initial assessment no difference was found between the groups for any of the measured parameters (p > 0.05). After three months, intergroup comparisons while the patients in the study group were wearing dynamic ankle-foot orthosis showed a significant difference in favour of the study group for Timed Up Stairs 12.00 (10.21) seconds study versus 15.00 (7.29) seconds control group; for gait velocity 0.99 (0.45) m/s study versus 0.72 (0.20) m/s control group and for Physiological Cost Index 0.12 (0.06) beats/min study versus 0.28 (0.13) beats/min control group (p < 0.05). No difference was found between the groups for Functional Reach, Timed Up and Go, Timed Down Stairs (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic hemiparetic patients may benefit from using dynamic ankle-foot orthosis.

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