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Exercise training improves endothelial function in resistance arteries of young prehypertensives
Beck DT, Martin JS, Casey DP, Braith RW
Journal of Human Hypertension 2014 May;28(5):303-309
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

Prehypertension is associated with reduced conduit artery endothelial function and perturbation of oxidant/antioxidant status. It is unknown whether endothelial dysfunction persists to resistance arteries and whether exercise training affects oxidant/antioxidant balance in young prehypertensives. We examined resistance artery function using venous occlusion plethysmography measurement of forearm (FBF) and calf blood flow (CBF) at rest and during reactive hyperaemia (RH), as well as lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2alpha) and antioxidant capacity (Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity; TEAC) before and after exercise intervention or time control. Forty-three unmedicated prehypertensive and 15 matched normotensive time controls met screening requirements and participated in the study (age 21.1 +/- 0.8 years). Prehypertensive subjects were randomly assigned to resistance exercise training (PHRT; n = 15), endurance exercise training (PHET; n = 13) or time-control groups (PHTC; n = 15). Treatment groups exercised 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Peak and total FBF were lower in prehypertensives than normotensives (12.7 +/- 1.2ml/min per100ml tissue and 89.1 +/- 7.7ml/min per 100ml tissue versus 16.3 +/- 1.0ml/min per 100ml tissue and 123.3 +/- 6.4ml/min per 100ml tissue, respectively; p < 0.05). Peak and total CBF were lower in prehypertensives than normotensives (15.3 +/- 1.2ml/min per 100ml tissue and 74 +/- 8.3ml/min per 100ml tissue versus 20.9 +/- 1.4ml/min per 100ml tissue and 107 +/- 9.2ml/min per 100ml tissue, respectively; p < 0.05). PHRT and PHET improved humoral measures of TEAC (+24 and +30%) and 8-iso-PGF2alpha (-43 and -40%, respectively; p <= 0.05). This study provides evidence that young prehypertensives exhibit reduced resistance artery endothelial function and that short-term (8 weeks) resistance or endurance training are effective in improving resistance artery endothelial function and oxidant/antioxidant balance in young prehypertensives.
Reprinted by permission from Journal of Human Hypertension, Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

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