OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a 12-month sensomotor balance exercise programme on postural control and the frequency of falling in women with established osteoporosis. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial where the intervention group was assigned the 12-month balance training programme and the control group did not undertake any intervention beyond regular osteoporosis treatment. SUBJECTS: A total of 100 osteoporotic women -- at least with one osteoporotic fracture -- aged 65 years old and above. MAIN MEASURES: Balance was assessed in static and dynamic posture both with performance-based measures of balance, such as the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test, and with a stabilometric computerized platform. INTERVENTIONS: Patients in the intervention group completed the 12-month sensomotor balance training programme in an outpatient setting, guided by physical therapists, three times a week, for 30 minutes. RESULTS: The Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test showed a statistically significant improvement of balance in the intervention group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Balance tests using the stabilometer also showed a statistically significant improvement in static and dynamic postural balance for osteoporotic women after the completion of the Balance Training Programme. As a consequence, the one-year exercise programme significantly decreased the number of falls in the exercise group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The balance training programme significantly improved the balance parameters and reduced the number of falls in postmenopausal women who have already had at least one fracture in the past.

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