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The effect of regular exercise on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
Way KL, Hackett DA, Baker MK, Johnson NA |
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 2016 Aug;40(4):253-271 |
systematic review |
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of regular exercise training on insulin sensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using the pooled data available from randomised controlled trials. In addition, we sought to determine whether short-term periods of physical inactivity diminish the exercise-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity. Eligible trials included exercise interventions that involved > 3 exercise sessions, and reported a dynamic measurement of insulin sensitivity. There was a significant pooled effect size (ES) for the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity (ES -0.588; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.816 to -0.359; p < 0.001). Of the 14 studies included for meta-analyses, nine studies reported the time of data collection from the last exercise bout. There was a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in favour of exercise versus control between 48 and 72 hours after exercise (ES -0.702; 95% CI -1.392 to -0.012; p = 0.046); and this persisted when insulin sensitivity was measured more than 72 hours after the last exercise session (ES -0.890; 95% CI -1.675 to -0.105; p = 0.026). Regular exercise has a significant benefit on insulin sensitivity in adults with T2DM and this may persist beyond 72 hours after the last exercise session.
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