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Community-based lifestyle intervention in patients with coronary artery disease: the RESPONSE-2 trial [with consumer summary]
Minneboo M, Lachman S, Snaterse M, Jorstad HT, ter Riet G, Boekholdt SM, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Peters RJG, on behalf of the Response-2 Study Group
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2017 Jul 18;70(3):318-327
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

BACKGROUND: Among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), improvement of lifestyle-related risk factors (LRFs) reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, modification of LRFs is highly challenging. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the impact of combining community-based lifestyle programs with regular hospital-based secondary prevention. METHODS: The authors performed a randomized controlled trial of nurse-coordinated referral of patients and their partners to 3 widely available community-based lifestyle programs, in 15 hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome and/or revascularization, with >= 1 LRF (body mass index > 27 kg/m2, self-reported physical inactivity, and/or smoking) were included. All patients received guideline-based usual care. The intervention was based on 3 lifestyle programs for weight reduction, increasing physical activity, and smoking cessation. The primary outcome was the proportion of success at 12 months, defined as improvement in >= 1 qualifying LRF using weight (>= 5% reduction), 6-min-walking distance (>= 10% improvement), and urinary cotinine (200 ng/ml detection limit) without deterioration in the other 2. RESULTS: The authors randomized 824 patients. Complete data on the primary outcome were available in 711 patients. The proportion of successful patients in the intervention group was 37% (133 of 360) compared with 26% (91 of 351) in the control group (p = 0.002; risk ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 1.78). In the intervention group, partner participation was associated with a significantly greater success rate (46% versus 34%; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with coronary artery disease, nurse-coordinated referral to a comprehensive set of community-based, widely available lifestyle interventions, with optional partner participation, leads to significant improvements in LRFs. (RESPONSE-2: Randomised Evaluation of Secondary Prevention by Outpatient Nurse SpEcialists 2; NTR3937).
With permission from Excerpta Medica Inc.

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