AIMS: To establish the relationship between exercise training and clinical outcomes in people with type I diabetes. METHODS: Studies were identified through a Medline search strategy, Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Science Citation Index. The search strategy included a mix of key concepts related to exercise training; type 1 diabetes; glycaemic control for trials of exercise training in people with type 1 diabetes. Searches were limited to prospective randomized or controlled trials of exercise training in humans with type 1 diabetes lasting 12 weeks or more. RESULTS: In exercised adults there were significant improvements in body mass mean difference (MD) -2.20 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.79 to -0.61, p = 0.007; body mass index (BMI) MD -0.39 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.02, p = 0.04; peak VO2 MD 4.08 ml/kg/min, 95% CI 2.18 to 5.98, p < 0.0001; and, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) MD -0.21 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.08, p = 0.002. In exercised children there were significant improvements in insulin dose MD -0.23 IU/kg, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.09, p = 0.002; waist circumference MD -5.40 cm, 95% CI -8.45 to -2.35, p = 0.0005; LDL MD -0.31 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.55 to -0.06, p = 0.02; and, triglycerides MD -0.21 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.42 to -0.0, p = 0.04. There were no significant changes in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C%), fasting blood glucose, resting heart rate, resting systolic blood pressure or high density lipoproteins in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training improves some markers of type 1 diabetes severity; particularly body mass, BMI, peak VO2 and LDL in adults and insulin dose, waist circumference, LDL and triglycerides in children.
With permission from Excerpta Medica Inc.

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