BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on heart cells specific biochemical indicators in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHOD(S): This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 30 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in an increasing aerobic exercise (running) for eight weeks, three sessions per week (55% to 75% of maximum heart rate and rating perceived exertion (RPE) of 12 to 13). Blood samples were taken before and after the protocol. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzymatic method were used to measure the variables. FINDING(S): Troponin I decreased significantly 6 hours after the last training session in the experimental group compared to 6 hours after the last training session in the control group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in troponin I, 6 hours after the first training session in the experimental group compared to 6 hours after the first training session in the control group (p = 0.983). Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) values significantly increased in both groups; this increase was higher in the experimental group than the control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION(S): The results showed that the training instructions significantly decreased troponin I despite the increase in CPK-MB, which may be due to the nature of training and muscle damage during training. This can confirm the protective nature of this exercise protocol for heart tissue against the injury in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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