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Efficacy of supervised home-based, real time, videoconferencing telerehabilitation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a single-blind randomized controlled trial [with consumer summary]
Blioumpa C, Karanasiou E, Antoniou V, Batalik L, Kalatzis K, Lanaras L, Pepera G
European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2023 Dec;12(6):440-444
clinical trial
6/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: Yes; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: Yes; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

BACKGROUND: Exercise-based interventions prevent or delay symptoms and complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and are highly recommended for T2D patients; though with very low participation rates. Tauelerehabilitation (TR) could act as an alternative to overcome the barriers preventing the promotion of T2D patients' well-being. AIM: Determine the effects of a six-week TR program on glycemic control, functional capacity, muscle strength, PA, quality of life and body composition in patients with T2D. DESIGN: A multicenter randomized, single-blind, parallel-group clinical study. SETTING: Clinical trial. POPULATION: Patients with T2D. METHODS: Thirty T2D patients (75% male, 60.1+/-10.9 years) were randomly allocated to an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) with no exercise intervention. IG enrolled in a supervised, individualized exercise program (combination of aerobic and resistance exercises), 3 times/week for 6 weeks at home via a TR platform. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), six-minute walk test (6MWT), muscle strength (Hand Grip Strength Test (HGS), 30 Second Chair Stand test (30CST) physical activity (IPAQ-SF)), quality of life (SF-36) and anthropometric variables were assessed. RESULTS: Two-way repeated-ANOVA showed a statistically significant interaction between group, time and test differences (6MWT, muscle strength) (v = 0.33, F (2.17) = 4.14, p = 0.03, partial eta2 = 0.22). Paired samples t-test showed a statistically significant improvement in HbA1c (Z = -2.7), 6MWT (Mean delta -36.9+/-27.2 m, t = -4.5), muscle strength (Mean delta -1.5 +/- 1.4 kg, t = -2.22). Similarly, SF-36 (mental health (Mean delta -13.3 +/- 21.3%), general health (Mean delta -11.4+/-16.90%)) were statistically improved only in IG. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that a 6 week supervised home-based TR exercise program induced significant benefits in patients with T2D, thus enabling telehealth implementation in rehabilitation practice as an alternative approach.

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