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Effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy compared with usual care for people with rheumatoid arthritis and severe functional limitations: a randomised controlled trial [with consumer summary]
Teuwen MMH, van Weely SFE, Vliet Vlieland TPM, van Wissen MAT, Peter WF, den Broeder AA, van Schaardenburg D, van den Hout WB, Van den Ende CHM, Gademan MGJ
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2024 Mar;83(4):437-445
clinical trial
7/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: Yes; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: Yes; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of longstanding (> 52 weeks), supervised exercise therapy with usual care in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and severe functional limitations. METHODS: Participants were randomised 1:1 to the intervention (individualised goal-setting, active exercises, education and self-management regarding physical activity) or usual care. Primary endpoint was the change in the Patient-Specific Complaints activity ranked 1 (PSC1, 0 to 10) at 52 weeks. Secondary endpoints included the PSC activities ranked 2 and 3 (PSC2, PSC3), Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RAQoL), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Physical Function-10 (PROMIS PF-10) and the Short Form-36 Physical and Mental Component Summary Scales (SF-36 PCS and MCS). (Serious) Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Measurements were done by blinded assessors. Analyses at 52 weeks were based on the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: In total, 217 people (90% female, age 58.8 (SD 12.9) years) were randomised (n = 104 intervention, n = 98 usual care available for analyses). At 52 weeks, the improvement of the PSC1 was significantly larger in the intervention group (mean difference (95% CI) -1.7 (-2.4 to -1.0)). Except for the SF-36 MCS, all secondary outcomes showed significantly greater improvements favouring the intervention (PSC2 -1.8 (-2.4 to -1.1), PSC3 -1.7 (-2.4 to -1.0), PROMIS PF-10 +3.09 (1.80 to 4.38), HAQ-DI -0.17 (-0.29 to -0.06), RAQoL -2.03 (-3.39 to -0.69), SF-36 PCS +3.83 (1.49 to 6.17) and 6MWT +56 (38 to 75) m). One mild, transient AE occurred in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: Longstanding, supervised exercise therapy was more effective than usual care in people with RA and severe functional limitations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Netherlands Trial Register (NL8235), included in the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL8235).
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