BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Because most individuals with chronic back pain (CLBP) have no specific cause, it is usually described as central sensitization. Pain neuroscience education (PNE) in top-down pain control may be effective against carryover effects; however, this remains unclear. In this study, the carryover effect was qualitatively and quantitatively synthesized and analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PNE in individuals with CLBP were conducted using international databases until January 2023. Using RevMan5.4 provided by Cochrane, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed with a risk of bias and meta-analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Nine RCTs involving 1038 individuals with CLBP were included in the analysis. Four main results were identified: First, PNE had a short-term carryover effect on pain intensity (SMD -1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.59 to -0.50), second, PNE had a short-term carryover effect on pain catastrophizing (SMD -2.47, 95% CI -3.44 to -1.50), third, PNE had short- and long-term carryover effects on kinesiophobia (SMD -3.51, 95% CI -4.83 to -2.19), fourth, the appropriate therapeutic intensity of PNE for the pain intensity of individuals (SMD -0.83, 95% CI -1.60 to -0.07). CONCLUSIONS: PNE has a short-term carryover effect on pain intensity and pain cognition in individuals with CLBP and a long-term carryover effect on kinesiophobia.

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