OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycolipid metabolism among type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS: HIIT is consistent with an exercise program (65% to 90% VO2max or 75% to 95% HRmax; exercise cycle >= 2 weeks; frequency >= 2 times/week). A meta-analysis was conducted utilizing the random effects model to synthesize the data. RESULTS: A total of 22 RCT studies with 1034 diabetic patients were included. Compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or conventional controls, HIIT yields noteworthy effects on FBG (MD -0.55; 95% CI -0.85 to -0.25, Hedges' g 0.98), 2h-PG (MD -0.36; 95% CI -0.57 to -0.14, Hedges' g 1.05), FINS (MD -0.41; 95% CI -0.79 to -0.03, Hedges' g 1.07), HbA1c (MD -0.60; 95% CI -0.84 to -0.36, Hedges' g 2.69), TC (MD -0.58; 95% CI -0.80 to -0.36, Hedges' g 2.36), TG (MD -0.50; 95% CI -0.86 to -0.14, Hedges' g 1.50), HDL (MD 0.62; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.95, Hedges' g 1.19) and LDL (MD -0.31; 95% CI -0.56 to -0.08, Hedges' g 0.91), all of the above p < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS: HIIT has been shown to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially in HbA1c, TC, TG, and HDL. For patients between the ages of 40 and 60 with less than 5 years of disease, exercise programs of moderate to longer duration or moderate to high intensity will produce more favorable results.

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