INTRODUCTION: Total and hemi elbow arthroplasty (TEA/HEA) are relatively uncommon orthopedic procedures, but physiotherapists are involved in both pre- and postoperative treatment of people who undergo TEA/HEA. The purpose of this article is to summarize existing knowledge about the effects of rehabilitation versus standard care after total and hemi elbow arthroplasty (TEA/HEA). METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted searching Ovid MEDLINE R, SweMED+, Cochrane, Embase, AMED and PEDro. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis was followed. RESULTS: No one has studied the effects of rehabilitation after TEA/HEA. The aim of the only study included was to assess the safety and length of hospital stay (LOS) after omission of casting, start of early mobilization and implementation of functional discharge criteria. Results show that the non-casting cohort had a shorter mean LOS (5.4 days) than the index cohort (6.2 days). The cohort with functional discharge criteria had a shorter mean LOS (3.8 days) than the cohort without functional discharge (5.4 days). CONCLUSION: Effects of rehabilitation components or programs after TEA/HEA are still unknown. It is important to focus on the lack of evidence in this field, and plan for more studies to come.

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