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The Bobath concept (NDT) in adult neurorehabilitation: a scoping review of conceptual literature [with consumer summary]
Marques S, Vaughan-Graham J, Costa R, Figueiredo D
Disability and Rehabilitation 2025;47(6):1379-1390
systematic review

PURPOSE: This scoping review aims to describe how Bobath concept is conceptualized, operationalized, and studied in adult neurorehabilitation. METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were adopted. Non-scientific and research articles were searched in electronic databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), with the keywords Bobath or Neurodevelopmental Treatment, published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, between 2013 and 2023. RESULTS: Of the 78 publications identified, 31 articles addressed the conceptual underpinnings of Bobath concept (seven theoretical papers, seven Delphi/surveys/mixed methods studies, four qualitative studies, one scoping review, 10 letters to the editor, and two editorials), comprising five themes: (a) theoretical principles; (b) clinical principles; (c) clinical reasoning; (d) conceptualizing movement; and, current (e) evidence debate. The revised definition and the Model of Bobath Clinical Practice provide a clarification of the unique aspects of Bobath concept. A new clinical skill was identified beyond facilitation- visuospatial kinesthetic perception- as well as how Bobath experts conceptualize movement, which are all integral to clinical reasoning. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides an updated Bobath clinical framework that gathers the theoretical foundations and clinical practice principles that require careful consideration in the design of future intervention studies.

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