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Exercise decreases the risk of metabolic syndrome in elderly females
Kemmler W, von Stengel S, Engelke K, Kalender WA
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2009 Feb;41(2):297-305
clinical trial
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of exercise based on a multiple purpose, high-intensity philosophy on parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older females with the MetS. METHODS: Thirty-two women (68.7 +/- 3.4 yr) with the MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) took part in the exercise training (EG), and 33 females (69.5 +/- 4.3 yr) also with MetS served as control group (CG). Beside the diagnostic tools of the MetS (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-C, blood pressure, and glucose), corresponding anthropometric parameters, total cholesterol, and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined. RESULTS: After 12 months of exercise, significant effects were observed for total body fat (EG -1,287 g versus CG +484 g; p = 0.001; confidence interval (CI) -2,787 to -744 g), trunk fat (-1,070 versus -203 g; p = 0.005; CI -1,460 to -274 g), hip circumference (-2.1 versus +1.0 cm; p = 0.001; CI -4.8 to -1.3 cm), triglycerides: (-24.1 versus -0.3 mg/dL; p = 0.021; CI -43.9 to -3.7 mg/dL), total cholesterol: (-19.8 versus +0.2 mg/dL; p = 0.008; CI -34.6 to -5.5 mg/dL), and HDL-C: (+3.8 versus -0.2 mg/dL; p = 0.036; CI 0.3 to 7.6 mg/dL). Waist circumference slightly decreased in both groups (EG: -0.7% versus CG: -0.6%; p = 0.94). Resting systolic (-7.1 versus -6.4 mmHg; p = 0.84) and diastolic (-8.0 versus -+9.8 mmHg; p = 0.39) blood pressure significantly decreased in both groups. Changes of glucose and hsCRP did not significantly vary between groups (glucose: +0.7 versus +1.0 mg/dL, p = 0.88; hsCRP: -0.68 versus -0.50 mg/L, p = 0.36). The number of criteria of the MetS significantly decreased in the EG (4.13 to 3.66) and slightly decreased in the CG (4.12 to 3.97); however, significant time group interactions were not observed (p = 0.15; CI -0.74 to 0.12). CONCLUSION: Our multipurpose exercise program significantly affects most parameters of the MetS in elderly women.

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