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Caloric restriction, aerobic exercise training and soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 levels in overweight and obese post-menopausal women
Brinkley TE, Wang X, Kume N, Mitsuoka H, Nicklas BJ
International Journal of Obesity 2011 Jun;35(6):793-799
clinical trial
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

BACKGROUND: Elevated circulating levels of soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) have been observed in obese persons and are reduced by weight loss. However, it is not known whether combining caloric restriction (CR) with exercise training is better in reducing sLOX-1 levels than CR alone. OBJECTIVE: We examined whether the addition of aerobic exercise to a weight loss intervention differentially affects sLOX-1 levels in 61 abdominally obese post-menopausal women randomly assigned to a CR only (n = 22), CR+moderate-intensity exercise (n = 22) or CR+vigorous-intensity exercise (n = 17) intervention for 20 weeks. The caloric deficit was about 2,800 kcal per week for all groups. RESULTS: The intervention groups were similar at baseline with respect to body weight, body composition, lipids and blood pressure. However, plasma sLOX-1 levels were higher in the CR-only group (99.90 +/- 8.23 pg/ml) compared with both the CR+moderate-intensity exercise (69.39 +/- 8.23 pg/ml, p = 0.01) and the CR+vigorous-intensity exercise (72.83 +/- 9.36 pg/ml, p = 0.03) groups. All three interventions significantly reduced body weight (about 14%), body fat and waist and hip circumferences to a similar degree. These changes were accompanied by a 23% reduction in sLOX-1 levels overall (-19.00 +/- 30.08 pg/ml, p < 0.0001), which did not differ among intervention groups (p = 0.13). Changes in body weight, body fat and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were not correlated with changes in sLOX-1 levels. In multiple regression analyses in all women combined, baseline sLOX-1 levels (beta = -0.70 +/- 0.06, p < 0.0001), age (beta = 0.92 +/- 0.43, p = 0.03) and baseline body mass index (BMI) (beta = 1.88 +/- 0.66, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of the change in sLOX-1 with weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: Weight loss interventions of equal energy deficit have similar effects on sLOX-1 levels in overweight and obese post-menopausal women, with the addition of aerobic exercise having no added benefit when performed in conjunction with CR.

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