AIM: To study the impact of both audiovisual information and nurse-training on the use of budesonide Turbuhaler in preschool children who had never used a dry powder inhaler. DESIGN: A single-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial studied 72 children aged 3 to 5 y. All children and their parents were shown an instructional video and given written instruction. After this, peak inspiratory flow (PIF1) through Turbuhaler was measured. Children in group A (n = 36) then received individual training by a nurse while those in group B (n = 36) did not and PIF2 was measured. Afterwards, group B received similar individual training while group A received no additional training, and PIF3 was measured. Group A was given a placebo Turbuhaler and encouraged to practice at home. Two weeks later, both groups returned to the clinic where PIF4 was measured. RESULTS: The number of children who were able to correctly perform PIF1, PIF2 and PIF4 in group A was 27, 34 and 36, respectively. The corresponding numbers for group B were 30, 29, and 29. No effect of training was seen in 3-y-old children. Individual training by a nurse was associated with a statistically significant increase in PIF2 (10 l/min; p = 0.014). Moreover, 2 weeks of home training was associated with an additional increase in PIF of 8 l/min compared with group B (p < 0.015). After individual instruction and home training, mean PIF in children aged 4 and 5 was 56 (42 to 72) and 55 (41 to 66) l/min, respectively. CONCLUSION: After individual instruction and training at home, the vast majority of children aged 4 and 5 y can use Turbuhaler correctly. Audiovisual information and individual instruction is not sufficient in the majority of these children. Few 3-y-old children can learn the correct use of Turbuhaler.

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