OBJECTIVE: To understand the influence of physical activity on teen smoking-cessation outcomes. METHODS: Teens (n = 233; 14 to 19 years of age) from West Virginia high schools who smoked > 1 cigarette in the previous 30 days were included. High schools with > 300 students were selected randomly and assigned to brief intervention (BI), not on tobacco (N-O-T) (a proven teen cessation program), or N-O-T plus a physical activity module (N-O-T+FIT). Quit rates were determined 3 and 6 months after baseline by using self-classified and 7-day point prevalence quit rates, and carbon monoxide validation was obtained at the 3-month follow-up evaluation. RESULTS: Trends for observed and imputed self-classified and 7-day point prevalence rates indicated that teens in the N-O-T+FIT group had significantly higher cessation rates compared with those in the N-O-T and BI groups. Effect sizes were large. Overall, girls quit more successfully with N-O-T compared with BI (relative risk (RR) > infinite) 3 months after baseline, and boys responded better to N-O-T+FIT than to BI (RR 2 to 3) or to N-O-T (RR 1 to 2). Youths in the N-O-T+FIT group, compared with those in the N-O-T group, had greater likelihood of cessation (RR 1.48) at 6 months. The control group included an unusually large proportion of participants in the precontemplation stage at enrollment, but there were no significant differences in outcomes between BI and N-O-T (z = 0.94; p = 0.17) or N-O-T+FIT (z = 1.12; p = 0.13) participants in the precontemplation stage. CONCLUSIONS: Adding physical activity to N-O-T may enhance cessation success, particularly among boys.
Reproduced with permission from Pediatrics. Copyright by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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