CONTEXT: The role of aerobic physical activity as a standalone treatment in decreasing adiposity in school-aged children and youth has not been well established. OBJECTIVE: To systematically search and assess the quality of the literature on the efficacy of aerobic physical activity to decrease adiposity in school-aged children and youth. METHODS: An electronic search strategy was conducted in EBSCO databases, including Medline and CINAHL. Retrieved articles that met the eligibility criteria were rated for methodological quality by using the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS: 10 articles met the inclusion criteria in the form of RCTs. Results indicate that five articles had positive results in decreasing adiposity compared to controls and five articles had no change in adiposity compared to controls. CONCLUSION: There is a paucity of evidence to support aerobic physical activity as a successful standalone treatment for decreasing adiposity. Despite the heterogeneity of the methods there is some evidence to, support that school aged children and youth benefit from aerobic physical activity to decrease adiposity and to limit weight gain.

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