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The immediate effect of handling technique on range of movement in the hemiplegic shoulder [with consumer summary]
Tyson SF, Chissim C
Clinical Rehabilitation 2002 Mar;16(2):137-140
clinical trial
3/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: No; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

PURPOSE: To assess the immediate effect of two different handling techniques on range of flexion in the hemiplegic shoulder. METHOD: A randomized controlled design with within-subject comparison was used. Range of shoulder flexion was measured using a bubble goniometer. Range of passive movement was compared as the weak arm was lifted using an 'axilla hold' (when the gleno-humeral joint is supported and held in external rotation) and a 'distal hold' (when the arm is lifted at the forearm without shoulder support). Twenty-two people with arm weakness following stroke were recruited. They were inpatients or attending a day hospital in two NHS trusts, with no previous limitation of range or function of their arm. A paired t-test was used for analysis. RESULTS: Mean shoulder flexion for the axilla hold was 115.2 degrees (SD 38.45), and 97.7 degrees (SD 44.7) for the distal hold. This difference was significant at p < 0.001 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.96, 26.88). CONCLUSIONS: Lifting the hemiplegic arm by holding the humerus under the axilla and maintaining external rotation produces greater range of flexion at the hemiplegic shoulder than a 'distal hold'.

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