QUESTION: Can a session of exercise with incorporated expiratory manoeuvres substitute for a session of breathing techniques for airway clearance in children with cystic fibrosis? Are children with cystic fibrosis as co-operative and satisfied with the exercise regimen as with the breathing techniques? DESIGN: Randomised, cross-over trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis. PARTICIPANTS: 34 children with cystic fibrosis in a stable clinical state. INTERVENTIONS: Participants underwent two 20-min airway clearance interventions on two scheduled clinic days: one involving three bouts of various whole-body exercise modalities each followed by independent expiratory manoeuvres, and the other involving breathing control, thoracic expansions with manual expiratory compressions, and the forced expiratory technique. OUTCOME MEASURES: Wet weight of expectorated sputum, change in lung function, co-operation with treatment, perceived treatment quality, and satisfaction with treatment were all assessed after each intervention. RESULTS: The wet weight of sputum after exercise was 0.6 g higher after the exercise intervention, which was not statistically or clinically significant (95% CI -0.2 to 1.4). However, lung function and participant satisfaction with the treatment were both significantly better after the exercise intervention. Co-operation with treatment and perceived treatment quality were equally high for each intervention. CONCLUSION: A session of various whole-body exercises interspersed with independent expiratory manoeuvres could be an acceptable substitute for a session of breathing control, thoracic expansions with manual expiratory compressions, and the forced expiratory technique in children with mild cystic fibrosis lung disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01509235.

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