OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lung function and respiratory muscle strength in the postoperative period and investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on measures of respiratory muscle performance in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A randomized study with 47 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. They were divided into study group (SG) 23 patients and control group (CG) 24 patients, mean age 61.83 +/- 8.61 and 66.33 +/- 10.20 years, EuroSCORE SG 0.71 +/- 0.0018 and CG 0.76 +/- 0.0029, respectively. The study group underwent physical therapy and inspiratory muscle training with threshold IMT and CG underwent conventional physiotherapy. We compared the maximal respiratory pressures (MIP and MEP), tidal volume (TV), vital capacity (VC) and peak expiratory flow (peak flow) preoperatively (pre-OP), 1st (PO1) and 3rd (PO3) postoperative day. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in all variables measured on PO1 compared to preoperative values in both groups, MIP (p < 0.0001), MEP (p < 0.0001), TV SG (p < 0.0004) and CG (p < 0.0001) and VC SG (p < 0.0001) and CG (p < 0.0001) and peak flow (p < 0.0001). At PO3, SG presented higher value of VC, GE 1,230.4 +/- 477.86 ml versus GC 919.17 +/- 394.47 ml (p = 0.0222) and TV SG 608.09 +/- 178.24 ml versus CG 506.96 +/- 168.31 ml (p = 0.0490). CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery experience reduced ventilatory capacity and respiratory muscle strength after surgery. Muscle training was performed to retrieve TV and VC in the PO3, in the trained group.

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