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The effects of external bracing on joint position sense awareness for the chronically unstable ankle
Hartsell HD
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 2000;9(4):279-389
clinical trial
1/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: No; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: No; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: No. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

CONTEXT: The effect of externally bracing chronically unstable ankles on joint position sense awareness has had limited study yet is clinically relevant. OBJECTIVE: To determine active joint position sense awareness, effects of bracing, and differences between flexible and semirigid braces. DESIGN: Between-ankle-group (chronic and healthy), repeated-measures, including brace condition for the joint position of 15 degrees inversion from subtalar neutral. SETTING: Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: 24 subjects with healthy and 12 with chronically unstable ankles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blindfolded subjects attempted to find a passively placed joint position under conditions of unbraced, flexible, and semirigid braced. A 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test for significant interaction effects were conducted. RESULTS: Significant main effects were observed for ankle status, brace, and gender, but no significant interaction effects. CONCLUSION: Chronically unstable ankles have greater error in joint position sense awareness. However, this deficit might be reduced by using an external semirigid brace.
Copyright Human Kinetics. Reprinted with permission from Human Kinetics (Champaign, IL).

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