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Moderate- and high-intensity exercise lowers blood pressure in normotensive subjects 60 to 79 years of age |
Braith RW, Pollock ML, Lowenthal DT, Graves JE, Limacher MC |
The American Journal of Cardiology 1994 Jun 1;73(15):1124-1128 |
clinical trial |
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed* |
To investigate the effects of exercise intensity on resting blood pressure (BP) in normotensive elderly subjects, 44 sedentary healthy subjects aged 60 to 79 years of age were studied during 6 months of walking exercise. Subjects were ranked according to maximal oxygen consumption and randomly stratified to groups that trained at 70% (n = 19) or 80% to 85% (n = 14) of maximal heart rate reserve, or to a control group (n = 11) that did not train. Initial BP was established during a 2- to 3-week control period. During the first 3 months, both exercise groups progressed to 70% of heart rate reserve for 40 minutes 3 times each week. The moderate-intensity group continued to train at 70% (45-minute duration) for an additional 3 months, whereas the high-intensity group progressed to training at 85% of heart rate reserve (35-minute duration). Maximal oxygen consumption increased (p <= 0.05) during the initial 3 months in both exercise groups (25.2 to 28.1 ml/kg/min and 26.3 to 29.3 ml/kg/min) and continued to increase (p <= 0.05) after 3 additional months of training, but the increase was greater (p <= 0.05) in the high-intensity group (28.1 to 29.4 ml/kg/min and 29.3 to 32.8 ml/kg/min). Systolic BP decreased (p <= 0.05) similarly at 6 months in both training groups (120 to 111 mmHg and 120 to 112 mmHg). Diastolic BP also decreased (p <= 0.05) similarly at 6 months in both training groups (72 to 64 mmHg and 75 to 68 mmHg). Resting heart rate decreased (p <= 0.05) to the same magnitude at 6 months in both training groups (71 to 66 peats/min and 69 to 63 beats/min). Body weight did not change in anygroup (p >= 0.05). The sum of 7 skinfold fat measures decreased (p <= 0.05) similarly at 6 months in both training graoups (175 to 164 mm and 173 to 159 mm). Out data indeicate that walking exercise between 70% and 85% of heart rate reserve lowers resting BP in normotensive elderly subjects, and produces a moderately favorable conditioning benefit similar to that observed in yournger persons.
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