PURPOSE: Systematic reviews that confirm the positive effect of exercise intervention on fracture risk factors in people with osteoporosis (OP) have included few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on subjects with OP from Japan, which has the lowest level of obesity among developed countries. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolic markers as risk factors in Japanese subjects with OP. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Studies were identified by searching PubMed, CENTRAL, PEDro, CINAHL and Ichushi-Web. We used the Review Manager 5.1 software in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement protocol (PRISMA). RESULTS: Three studies (4 exercise groups) were included in our review. No studies showed that the effect of exercise was better significantly than that observed in the control group. Results of pooled data did not show a positive effect of exercise intervention on BMD. CONCLUSION: We could not provide high-quality evidence that BMD and bone metabolic markers in Japanese subjects with OP can be improved by exercise intervention.

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