OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of walking at different times of day on lipids and inflammatory markers in sedentary patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: A total of 330 patients recruited from Nanjing between September 2011 and November 2012 were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 110), morning (n = 110) or evening walking group (n = 110). Both the walking groups were asked to walk 30 min/day or more on at least 5 days/week either in the morning or evening for 12 weeks. Lipids and inflammatory markers were measured before and after exercise intervention. RESULTS: Compared with baseline, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were improved in all groups. Significances were shown in the changes of fibrinogen, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), white blood cell (WBC) count, TC, triglycerides, LDL-C, lipoprotein(a) between groups. The evening walking group had a larger decrease in fibrinogen (0.16 +/- 0.19 g/L, p < 0.001), hsCRP (1.16 +/- 1.07 mg/L, p < 0.001), WBC count (0.76 +/- 1.5310 x 10(9)/L, p = 0.004) and LDL-C (0.34 +/- 0.31 mmol/L, p < 0.001) than the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our walking program successfully resulted in a favorable change in lipids and inflammatory markers. Patients in the evening walking group gained more benefits than those walking in the morning walking group. NCT01887093.
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