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| The long-term effect of exercise on vascular risk factors and aerobic fitness in those with transient ischaemic attack: a randomized controlled trial |
| Faulkner J, Lambrick D, Woolley B, Stoner L, Wong L-K, McGonigal G |
| Journal of Hypertension 2014 Oct;32(10):2064-2070 |
| clinical trial |
| 6/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: Yes; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: Yes; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed* |
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OBJECTIVE: Exercise has beneficial effects on vascular risk factors in transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients within the sub-acute phase. This study examined whether TIA patients randomized to an early exercise and education programme within 2 weeks of TIA diagnosis would demonstrate improvements in cardiovascular risk factors and aerobic fitness 12 months post-diagnosis compared with control patients. METHODS: A single-centre, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial. Sixty TIA patients (69 +/- 11 years) completed a vascular risk stratification baseline assessment and a physical fitness examination. Individuals were randomized to either an 8-week early exercise and education group or control group. Fifty-one patients attended post-intervention assessments that were completed immediately (post-intervention) and 12 months after (12PI). RESULTS: A significantly greater improvement in resting SBP was observed between baseline and post-intervention for EX than for CON (-11 mmHg versus -1 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.05). The improvement in SBP was maintained between post-intervention and 12PI (p > 0.05). Similar findings were demonstrated for BMI, bodyweight and peak oxygen uptake (p < 0.05). Exercise blood pressure, pulse pressure and double product (SBP x heart rate; an indication of myocardial workload) were significantly lower at post-intervention and 12PI for EX than for CON (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: An 8-week exercise programme soon after TIA resulted in beneficial changes in resting and exercise blood pressure that were maintained for 12 months. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.anzctr.org.au/ trial registration number ACTRN12611000630910.
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