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Lifestyle counseling to reduce body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors among truck and bus drivers -- a randomized controlled trial
Puhkala J, Kukkonen-Harjula K, Mansikkamaki K, Aittasalo M, Hublin C, Karmeniemi P, Olkkonen S, Partinen M, Sallinen M, Tokola K, Fogelholm M
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2015 Jan;41(1):54-64
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: Yes; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

OBJECTIVES: We conducted a randomized trial among overweight long-distance drivers to study the effects of structured lifestyle counseling on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Men with waist circumference > 100 cm were randomized into a lifestyle counseling (LIFE, n = 55) and a reference (REF, n = 58) group. The LIFE group participated in monthly counseling on nutrition, physical activity, and sleep for 12 months aiming at 10% weight loss. After 12 months, the REF group participated in 3-month counseling. Assessments took place at 0, 12, and 24 months. Between-group differences in changes were analyzed by generalized linear modeling. Metabolic risk (z score) was calculated from components of metabolic syndrome. RESULTS: The mean body weight change after 12 months was -3.4 kg in LIFE (n = 47) and 0.7 kg in REF (n = 48) (net difference -4.0 kg, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -1.9 to -6.2). Six men in LIFE reduced body weight by > 10%. Changes in waist circumference were -4.7 cm in LIFE and -0.1 cm in REF (net -4.7 cm, 95% CI -6.6 to -2.7). Metabolic risk decreased more in the LIFE than REF group (net -1.2 points, 95% CI -0.6 to -2.0). After 24 months follow-up, there were no between-group differences in changes in body weight (net -0.5 kg, 95% CI -3.8 to 2.9) or metabolic risk score (net 0.1 points; 95% CI -0.8 to 1.0) compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Weight reduction and decreases in cardiometabolic risk factors were clinically meaningful after 12 months of counseling.

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