BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a standard surgical option for patients with diffuse and significant arterial plaque. This procedure, however, is not free of postoperative complications, especially pulmonary and cognitive disorders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at comparing the impact of two different physiotherapy treatment approaches on pulmonary and cognitive function of patients undergoing CABG. METHODS: Neuropsychological and pulmonary function tests were applied, prior to and following CABG, to 39 patients randomized into two groups as follows: group 1 (control) -- 20 patients underwent one physiotherapy session daily; and group 2 (intensive physiotherapy) -- 19 patients underwent three physiotherapy sessions daily during the recovery phase at the hospital. Non-paired and paired Student t tests were used to compare continuous variables. Variables without normal distribution were compared between groups by using Mann-Whitney test, and, within the same group at different times, by using Wilcoxon test. The Chi-square test assessed differences of categorical variables. Statistical tests with a p value <= 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Changes in pulmonary function were not significantly different between the groups. However, while group 2 patients showed no decline in their neurocognitive function, group 1 patients showed a decline in their cognitive functions (p <= 0.01). CONCLUSION: Those results highlight the importance of physiotherapy after CABG and support the implementation of multiple sessions per day, providing patients with better psychosocial conditions and less morbidity.

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