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Effect of resistance training and caloric restriction on the metabolic syndrome
Normandin E, Chmelo E, Lyles MF, Marsh AP, Nicklas BJ
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2017 Mar;49(3):413-419
clinical trial
6/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: Yes; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: Yes; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

PURPOSE: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is greatest in older obese adults and effective evidence-based treatment strategies are lacking. This study determined the efficacy of adding caloric restriction (CR) for weight loss to resistance training (RT) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components in older overweight and obese adults. METHODS: We performed a 5-month randomized controlled trial in 126 older (65 to 79 yrs) overweight and obese (body mass index 27 to 35 kg/m) men and women who were assigned to progressive 3-d/wk, moderate-intensity RT with (RT+CR) or without caloric restriction (RT). MetS components, according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, were determined before and immediately after the interventions. RESULTS: Body mass decreased in RT+CR (-5.67% loss of initial mass) but was unchanged in RT (-0.15%). Compared to RT, RT+CR resulted in reduced very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-chol), triglycerides (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p between 0.000 and 0.013). The RT group showed no significant within group changes in MetS criteria. Abdominal obesity, hypertension, the number of metabolic abnormalities and the presence of MetS significantly decreased with RT+CR. There were significant group differences for abdominal obesity, hypertension, and number of metabolic abnormalities. CONCLUSION: RT+CR is an effective strategy for improving some of the metabolic abnormalities associated with MetS among older overweight and obese adults.

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