The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6 weeks of supramaximal exercise training (SET) on performance variables and metabolic changes in sedentary obese adults. Twenty-four obese adults were randomly allocated into a non-trained (NT) (n = 12; body mass index (BMI) 33 (3)) and SET group (n = 12; BMI 33 (2)). After baseline metabolic and fitness measurements, the participants completed a 6-week SET intervention. Metabolic, anthropometric, and fitness assessments were repeated post-intervention. For SET, fasting glucose (4.64 (0.15) versus 4.32 (0.22) mmol/l; p < 0.01), insulin (23.2 (4.6) versus 13.8 (3.3) micro-mol/ml; p < 0.01), homoeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (4.78 (1.2) versus 2.65 (1.5); p < 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (127 (3) versus 120 (3) mmHg; p < 0.01) were significantly lower 24-h post-intervention than at baseline and for the NT group, and these changes remained significant at 72-h and 2-weeks post-intervention (p < 0.01, respectively). Interestingly, nonesterified fatty acids (0.62 (0.09) versus 0.71 (0.11) mmol/l; p < 0.01) and resting fat oxidation rate (57 (11) versus 63% (4); p < 0.01) increased significantly from baseline 24-h post-intervention in the SET group and from baseline at 72-h (p < 0.01, respectively) and 2-weeks post-intervention (p < 0.01, respectively). Six weeks of SET improved a number of metabolic and vascular risk factors in obese, sedentary adults, highlighting the potential of SET to provide an alternative exercise model for the improvement of metabolic health in this population.

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