OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of technology-based distance physical rehabilitation interventions in multiple sclerosis (MS) on physical activity and walking. DATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search was conducted in seven databases from January 2000 to September 2016. Randomized controlled trials of technology-based distance physical rehabilitation interventions on physical activity and walking outcome measures were included. METHODS: Methodological quality of the studies was determined and a meta-analysis was performed. In addition, a subanalysis of technologies and an additional analysis comparing to no treatment were conducted. RESULTS: The meta-analysis consisted of 11 studies. The methodological quality was good (8/13). The Internet, telephone, exergaming, and pedometers were the technologies enabling distance physical rehabilitation. Technology-based distance physical rehabilitation had a large effect on physical activity (standard mean difference (SMD) 0.59; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.38 to 0.79; p < 0.00001) compared to control group with usual care, minimal treatment, and no treatment. A large effect was also observed on physical activity (SMD 0.59; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.83; p < 0.00001) when compared to no treatment alone. There were no differences in walking and the subanalysis of technologies. CONCLUSIONS: Technology-based distance physical rehabilitation increased physical activity among persons with MS, but further research on walking in MS is needed.

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