OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to demonstrate the interest of upper limb neurodynamic techniques for the management of nerve compression syndrome. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing an experimental group with a neurodynamic component of treatment to a control group receiving no neurodynamic treatment were included. RESULTS: A literature review analysis retrieved 23 RCTs matching the study criteria. Neuromeningeal gliding maneuvers showed an interest in the management of nerve compression syndrome. Neural gliding was as effective as conservative treatments and appeared to be more effective when combined with other treatments. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Neurodynamic maneuvers showed a therapeutic effect. All neurodynamic maneuvers are not equal and treatment of interfaces all along the nerve tissue seems appropriate, given the phenomenon of multiple entrapment locations. Cost-benefit analysis for the treatment of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome shows superiority of physiotherapy over surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.

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