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Long-term effects of the 11+ warm-up injury prevention programme on physical performance in adolescent male football players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Zarei M, Abbasi H, Daneshjoo A, Barghi TS, Rommers N, Faude O, Rossler R
Journal of Sports Sciences 2018;36(21):2447-2454
clinical trial
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

This study examined the long-term effects of the 11+ on physical performance in adolescent male football (soccer) players. Eighty-two 14- to 16-year-old male football players (11+ = 42 players, control = 40 players) participated. Teams were randomised to control (CON) and intervention (INT) groups. INT applied the 11+ injury prevention programme for 30 weeks at least twice a week as a warmup. CON performed their standard warm-up. Motor performance tests were conducted 1 week prior and 1 week after the competition season. We used magnitude-based inferences and linear mixed-effects models to analyse performance test results. INT showed superior results compared to CON in the vertical jump height 7.5% (95% CI 4.4% to 10.7%), the Bosco 15-s-jump test 7.2% (95% CI 2.2% to 12.4%), and the Illinois agility test -2.6% (95% CI -4.1% to -1.1%). Possibly beneficial effects in favour of INT were found in the 9.1 m sprint test -3.1% (95% CI -6.1% to 0.1%). Possibly harmful effects (ie, in favour of CON) were observed in the dribbling test 2.8% (95% CI -0.8% to 6.4%). The 11+ warm-up programme can improve different performance measures in football players. Coaches might implement additional dribbling drills next to the 11+ to achieve improvements observed in dribbling ability when using a regular warm-up programme.

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