OBJECTIVE: To objectively evaluate the most common forms of mind body exercise (MBE) (Tai Chi, Yoga, and Qigong) on cognitive function among people with MCI. DATA SOURCES: We searched six electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, Wanfang, Web of Science, and CNKI) from inception until September, 2018. STUDY SELECTION: Nine randomized controlled trials and three non-randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis. DATA EXTRACTION: Two researchers independently performed the literature searches, study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment using the revised Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. DATA SYNTHESIS: The pooled effect size (standardized mean difference, SMD) was calculated while random-effect model was selected. Overall results of the meta-analysis (N = 1,298 people with MCI) indicated that MBE significantly improved attention (SMD 0.39, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.71, p = 0.02, I2 = 31.6%, N = 245), short-term memory (SMD 0.74, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.90, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%, N = 861), executive function (SMD -0.42, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.21, p < 0.001, I2 = 38.54%, N = 701), visual-spatial/executive function (SMD 0.35, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.64, p < 0.05, I2 = 0%, N = 285), and global cognitive function (SMD 0.36, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.52, p < 0.001, I2 = 15.12%, N = 902). However, the significant positive effect on cognitive processing speed was not observed following MBE interventions (SMD 0.31, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.63, p = 0.054, I2 = 28.66%, N = 233). CONCLUSIONS: Study findings of this meta-analysis suggest that MBE have the potential to improve various cognitive functions in people with MCI.

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