BACKGROUND: Previous research indicates that dance training may improve balance among older adults. AIMS: This study investigated the effects of Thai traditional dance on balance performance among older women. METHODS: Forty-three women aged 60 to 80 years, with mean scores between 45 and 52 points on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: a Thai traditional dance group (TTDG) (n = 22) and a control group (CG) (n = 21). TTD program comprised three dance sessions of 30 to 60 min per week over the course of 12 weeks while the CG kept their normal daily activities. Balance performance was assessed using standardized tests including the NeuroCom Balance Master System (version 9.2), the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and the BBS. RESULTS: The results revealed that overall balance was better for those in TTDG compared to the CG. There was a significantly lower sway velocity and faster weight transfer in the Sit-to-Stand Test (p <= 0.001) for those in the dance group. TTDG had quicker turn time in the Step Quick Turn Test (p <= 0.001), improved Step Up Over Test and Walk Across Test, faster movement time, walking speed, and a better score in the TUG after training (p <= 0.001). DISCUSSION: A 3-weekly Thai traditional dance intervention significantly improved balance and mobility among older community-dwelling women as compared to normal daily activities. CONCLUSION: Thai traditional dance could potentially prevent age-related mobility and balance decline and its related fall risk.

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