PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of the combination of ET and statins in people living with HIV. METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eighty-three people living with HIV were assigned to either placebo (PL), statins (STA), placebo plus ET (PLET) or statins plus ET (STAET) groups. Volunteers assigned to STA and STAET groups were administered 10 mg of rosuvastatin, whereas the PL and PLET groups were administered a placebo. PLET and STAET groups performed ET three times a week. Before and after the 12-week follow-up, the volunteers underwent to anthropometric assessment and blood collection to evaluate lipid profile, cardiovascular markers, inflammatory profile; a Doppler ultrasound examination, muscle strength (MS) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) tests were performed. RESULTS: There was a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-1beta and right carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in the STA, PLET, and STAET groups compared to PL group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a decrease in TC, TG, LDL, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 levels and in left and right cIMT and an increase in HDL-c levels in the STAET groups compared to the STA (p < 0.001) and PLET groups (p < 0.001). There was an increase in IL-10 levels, peak-systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, wall shear rate in the PLET and STAET groups compared to the PL (p < 0.001) and STA groups (p < 0.001). The PLET and STAET groups reduced body fat mass, body fat percentage and increased lean body mass, MS and CF compared to PL (p < 0.001) and STA (p < 0.001) groups. CONCLUSION: The combination of ET and statins is useful to enhance lipid and inflammatory profiles, reduce CVD markers, and improve Doppler ultrasound findings, MS and CF in people living with HIV.

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