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Exercise-based injury prevention for community-level adolescent cricket pace bowlers: a cluster-randomised controlled trial [with consumer summary]
Forrest MRL, Hebert JJ, Scott BR, Dempsey AR
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2020 May;23(5):475-480
clinical trial
6/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: Yes; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

OBJECTIVES: To investigate if an exercise-based injury prevention program (IPP) can modify risk factors for injury in community-level adolescent cricket pace bowlers. DESIGN: Cluster-randomised controlled trial. METHODS: Eight cricket organisations (training two times per week and no previous involvement in a structured IPP) participated in this cluster-randomised trial. Participants were aged 14 to 17 years, injury free, and not currently performing a rehabilitation/exercise program. Cricket organisations (clusters) were block-randomised by computerised number generation into an intervention group (performed an eight-week IPP at training) or control group (continued their usual cricket activity). Participants were not blinded to group allocation. Strength, endurance, and neuromuscular control were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Treatment effects were estimated using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Sixty-five male adolescent pace bowlers (intervention n = 32 and control n = 33) were randomised. There were significant treatment effects favouring the intervention group for shoulder strength (90 degree/s) 0.05 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.09) Nm/kg, hamstring strength (60 degree/s) 0.32 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.50) Nm/kg, hip adductor strength dominant 0.40 (95% CI 0.26 to 0.55) Nm/kg and non-dominant 0.33 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.47) Nm/kg, SEBT reach distance dominant 3.80 (95% CI 1.63 to 6.04) percent of leg length (%LL) and non-dominant 3.60 (95% CI 1.43 to 5.78) %LL, and back endurance 20.4 (95% CI 4.80 to 36.0) seconds. No differences were observed for shoulder strength (180 degree/s) (p = 0.09), hamstring strength (180 degree/s) (p = 0.07), lumbopelvic stability (p = 0.90), and single leg squat knee valgus angle (dominant p = 0.06, non-dominant p = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-based IPPs can modify risk factors for injury in community-level adolescent pace bowlers. Future research is needed to confirm if IPPs can also reduce injury risk in this population.

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