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(Effect of shadow boxing on the physical quality of middle-aged and old women) [Chinese - simplified characters]
Sun M-J, Yu D-D, Lin D-M, Lu S-D
Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu [Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation] 2005 Aug 28;9(32):188-189
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

AIM: To observe the comprehensive effect of shadow boxing on the physical quality of middle-aged and old women for purpose of providing instruction for body-building exercise. METHOD(S): Seventy-two woman teachers and workers at 40 to 45 years old in normal colleges were recruited from March 2002 to September 2002, and then randomized into two groups with 36 subjects in each group: shadow boxing group (exercise group) and control group. Subjects in the exercise group had shadow boxing for 6 months, and those in the control group had no exercise. Rate of body fat, vital capacity, step exponent, grasp forces, standing time with single foot and eyes closed and anteflexion in sitting position were measured before and after trial, which reflected morphological marker, cardiovascular function, strength, balance and flexibility, respectively. RESULT(S): Three subjects in the exercise group and two subjects in the control group withdrew from the experiment because of body condition. Then 33 subjects in the exercise group and 34 in the control group completed the experiment. After exercise, step exponent, vital capacity, grasp forces, anteflexion in sitting position and standing time with single foot and eyes closed in the exercise group were increased significantly as compared with those before exercise and in the control group (61.7 +/- 4.1, 60.4 +/- 3.2, 60.4 +/- 3.9; 2,132 +/- 37.3, 2,104.3 +/- 35.7, 2,109.3 +/- 41.1 mL; 263.5 +/- 22.4, 254.1 +/- 23.2, 254.6 +/- 28.6 N; 7.9 +/- 2.6, 7.1 +/- 2.6, 6.7 +/- 3.6 cm; 18.9 +/- 4.5, 17.6 +/- 4.3, 17.5 +/- 4.5 s, p < 0.05, p < 0.01), and rate of body fat was decreased significantly in the exercise group (23.9 +/- 4.2%, 25.6 +/- 3.6%, 25.5 +/- 3.1%, p < 0.05). There were no changes in the control group before and after experiment. CONCLUSION(S): Shadow boxing can decrease the content of body fat, improve circulatory function and respiratory function and strengthen the capacity of exercise load in middle-aged and old women. Shadow boxing also plays an important role in improving strength, balance and flexibility. Anyway, shadow boxing is a safe, suitable and effective exercise for middle-aged and old women.

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