OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the subsequent effects of plyometric training on weight-bearing symmetry, muscle strength, and gait performance in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. METHODS: Thirty-nine children with spastic hemiplegia (age 8 to 12 years) were randomly divided into either the PLYO group (n = 19, received a 30-minute plyometric exercise program plus the traditional physical rehabilitation, twice/week for eight consecutive weeks) or Non-PLYO group (n = 20, received the traditional physical rehabilitation only). The weight-bearing symmetry index (WB-SI), maximum isometric muscle strength (MIMS) of quadriceps and hamstring muscles, and spatial-temporal gait parameters were assessed pre and post-intervention. RESULTS: From pre- to post-intervention, changes of WB-SI among PLYO and Non-PLYO groups did not differ significantly (p = 0.81; hindfoot and p = 0.23; forefoot). MIMS of quadriceps and hamstring muscles at 90 degree knee flexion (p = 0.008 and 0.013 respectively) increased significantly in PLYO compared to Non-PLYO group. Walking speed (p = 0.033), stride length (p = 0.002), and step time (p < 0.001) improved markedly in PLYO group more than in Non-PLYO group. The proportion of single leg support (p = 0.14) among PLYO and Non-PLYO groups did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION: Addition of plyometric exercises to the physical rehabilitation programs of children with unilateral CP could achieve greater improvement in muscles strength and walking performance, but not in WB-SI.

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