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Weight change 2 years after termination of the intensive lifestyle intervention in the Look AHEAD study [with consumer summary]
Look AHEAD Research Group, Chao AM, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Blackburn G, Bolin P, Clark JM, Coday M, Curtis JM, Delahanty LM, Dutton GR, Evans M, Ewing LJ, Foreyt JP, Gay LJ, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hill JO, Horton ES, Houston DK, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Kure A, Michalski KL, Montez MG, Neiberg RH, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer X, Pownall H, Reboussin D, Redmon B, Rejeski WJ, Steinburg H, Walker M, Williamson DA, Wing RR, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZ, Zhang P
Obesity 2020 May;28(5):893-901
clinical trial
4/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: No; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated weight changes after cessation of the 10-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. It was hypothesized that ILI participants would be more likely to gain weight during the 2-year observational period following termination of weight-loss-maintenance counseling than would participants in the diabetes support and education (DSE) control group. METHODS: Look AHEAD was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of ILI and DSE on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Look AHEAD was converted to an observational study in September 2012. RESULTS: Two years after the end of the intervention (EOI), ILI and DSE participants lost a mean (SE) of 1.2 (0.2) kg and 1.8 (0.2) kg, respectively (p = 0.003). In addition, 31% of ILI and 23.9% of DSE participants gained >= 2% (p < 0.001) of EOI weight, whereas 36.3% and 45.9% of the respective groups lost >= 2% of EOI weight (p = 0.001). Two years after the EOI, ILI participants reported greater use of weight-control behaviors than DSE participants. CONCLUSIONS: Both groups lost weight during the 2-year follow-up period, but more ILI than DSE participants gained >= 2% of EOI weight. Further understanding is needed of factors that affected long-term weight change in both groups.

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