BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have been conducted in the recent years on the impact of resistance training on the physical function of the elderly people. In the current study, the effect of a 12 week combined exercise on P3NP, CAF, and physical activity of the elderly was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is an experimental with a pre-test post-test design. A total of 21 elderly were selected in a purposeful manner and randomly divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 10 participants and a combined training group (n = 11). Combined exercises consisted of three sets of resistance-speed training with the intensity of 50% to 60% of 1RM and 8 to 10 repetitions (13 to 10 seconds) with four-way walking in different intensities. Before and after the exercise, BMI, physical performance tests, and serum levels of P3NP and CAF indices were evaluated in all groups using ELISA method. ANOVAs tests with repeated measurements were used to determine variables changes within the groups. RESULTS: The results showed that functional performance improved in the training group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Also, the combined exercise program was not found to have a significant effect on serum levels of P3NP and CAF (rho = 0.146 and rho = 0.124). CONCLUSION: It seems that performing resistance-speed exercise with walking in different directions could improve physical performance and might have showed down the process of decreasing neuromuscular quality in the elderly people.

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