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Iron status in elderly women impacts myostatin, adiponectin and osteocalcin levels induced by Nordic walking training
Kortas J, Ziemann E, Juszczak D, Micielska K, Kozlowska M, Prusik K, Prusik K, Antosiewicz J
Nutrients 2020 Apr;12(4):1129
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

Impaired iron metabolism is associated with increased risk of many morbidities. Exercise was shown to have a beneficial role; however, the mechanism is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between exerkines and iron metabolism in elderly women before and after 12 weeks of Nordic Walking (NW) training. Exerkines like myostatin, adiponectin, and osteocalcin have been shown to have several positive effects on metabolism. Thirty-six post-menopausal women (66 +/- 5 years old, mean +/- SD) were randomly assigned to a NW intervention group (n = 18; body mass 68.8 +/- 11.37 kg; fat 23.43 +/- 7.5 kg; free fat mass 45.37 +/- 5.92 kg) or a control group (n = 18; body mass 68.34 +/- 11.81 kg; fat 23.61 +/- 10.03 kg; free fat mass 44.73 +/- 3.9 kg). The training was performed three times a week for 12 weeks, with the intensity adjusted to 70% of the individual maximum ability. Before and one day after the 12-weeks intervention, performance indices were assessed using a senior fitness test. Blood samples (5 mL) were obtained from the participants between 7 and 8 AM, following an overnight fast, at baseline and one day immediately after the 12-week training program. A significant and large time x group interaction was observed for iron (NW 98.6 +/- 26.68 to 76.1 +/- 15.31; CON 100.6 +/- 25.37 to 99.1 +/- 27.2; p = 0.01; partial-eta2 = 0.21), myostatin (NW 4.42 +/- 1.97 to 3.83 +/- 1.52; CON 4.11 +/- 0.95 to 4.84 +/- 1.19; p = 0.00; partial-eta2 = 0.62), adiponectin (NW 12.0 +/- 9.46 to 14.6 +/- 10.64; CON 12.8 +/- 8.99 to 11.9 +/- 8.53; p = 0.00; partial-eta2 = 0.58), and osteocalcin (NW 38.9 +/- 26.04 to 41.6 +/- 25.09; CON 37.1 +/- 33.2 to 37.2 +/- 32.29; p = 0.03; partial-eta2 = 0.13). Furthermore, we have observed the correlations: basal ferritin levels were inversely correlated with changes in myostatin (r = -0.51, p = 0.05), change in adiponectin, and change in serum iron (r = -0.45, p = 0.05), basal iron, and osteocalcin after training (r = -0.55, p = 0.04). These findings indicate that iron modulates NW training-induced changes in exerkine levels.

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