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Aerobic training, resistance training, or their combination as a means to fight against excess weight and metabolic syndrome in obese students-which is the most effective modality? A randomized controlled trial [with consumer summary]
Said MA, Abdelrahman MA, Alibrahim MS, Kotb AAH
Physiologie Appliquee Nutrition et Metabolisme [Applied Physiology, Nutrition, & Metabolism] 2021 Aug;46(8):952-963
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: No; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

This study aimed to determine the effects of either aerobic training (AT) or resistance training (RT) or both (A+RT) on obesity and its comorbidities in young adults. A total of 61 participants, aged 21.74 +/- 1.42 years and with a body mass (BM) index (BMI) of 36.21 +/- 2.43 kg/m2, were randomized for 12 weeks into control (CONT, n = 14), AT (n = 13), RT (n = 16), and A+RT (n = 14) groups. BM, body composition, and cardiovascular disease risk (CVR) factors were assessed before and after intervention. BM did not change in the CONT and RT groups but decreased significantly by 7.5 kg in the AT (p <= 0.05) and 8.82 kg in the A+RT (p <= 0.05) groups, respectively. Significant reductions were also noted in waist circumference, BMI, and body fat percentage in the exercising groups. The most significant variations were in the A+RT group. HDL-C concentrations were increased after A+RT by 2.39 mg/dL. Significant reductions were also noted in VLDL-C concentrations (-2.84 mg/dL) in the A+RT group. AT alone is effective in improving BM and body composition, while RT alone improves the body composition and A+RT ensures better outcomes concerning BM, body composition, HDL-C, and VLDL-C.

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