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Effects of a short eight Tai Chi-forms for the pre-frail elderly people in senior living communities
Ge Y, Liu H, Wu Q, Chen A, Gao Z, Xing F, Liu G
Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 2022;38(12):1928-1936
clinical trial
5/10 [Eligibility criteria: Yes; Random allocation: Yes; Concealed allocation: No; Baseline comparability: Yes; Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No; Blind assessors: No; Adequate follow-up: Yes; Intention-to-treat analysis: No; Between-group comparisons: Yes; Point estimates and variability: Yes. Note: Eligibility criteria item does not contribute to total score] *This score has been confirmed*

PURPOSE: To investigate effects of a short 8-form Tai Chi exercise on physical function, fear of falling, and depression in pre-frail elderly people living in senior communities. METHODS: This 8-week randomized controlled trial was conducted in senior living communities with qualified pre-frail elderly subjects in a Tai Chi group (TCG, n = 32) and a control group (CG, n = 33). The TCG received TC intervention: three times/week, 60 min each; while the CG did usual care only. Assessments of the 30-s chair rise test (CRT), 4.5-m walking speed (WS), fear of falling (FOF), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), were all applied at baseline, end of 4th week, and end of 8th week. RESULTS: Between-group comparison at the 4th week showed significantly better outcomes in CRT (TCG 14.56 +/- 1.87; CG 11.48 +/- 2.83; p < 0.001) and WS (TCG 4.28 +/- 0.69; CG 5.11 +/- 1.16; p = 0.001) in the TCG than those in the CG, but not in FOF (TCG 0.56 +/- 0.56; CG 0.79 +/- 0.89; p = 0.228) and GDS (TCG 7.91 +/- 5.54; CG 9.58 +/- 6.85; p = 0.285). However, at the 8th week, significant differences (p < 0.001) were found in all four assessments: (1) CRT TCG versus CG 17.28 +/- 2.00 versus 11.36+/- 2.94; (2) WS TCG versus CG 3.94 +/- 0.59 versus 5.17 +/- 1.22; (3) FOF TCG versus CG 0.16 +/- 0.37 versus 1.00 +/- 0.90; and (4) GDS TCG versus CG 3.84 +/- 3.60 versus 9.97 +/- 6.80, and the intervention effect of 8 weeks was better than at 4 weeks. For within-group comparison of the TCG, significant improvements were identified in CRT (p < 0.001), WS (p = 0.008), and FOF (p = 0.002); but not in GDS, p = 0.121 at the 4th week, and also in CRT (p < 0.001), WS (p < 0.001), FOF (p < 0.001), and GDS (p < 0.001) at the 8th week. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the CG for pre- and post-comparison (CRT p = 0.891; WS p = 0.984; FOF p = 0.636; GDS p = 0.822). CONCLUSION: This short-form TC exercise could improve physical function (the lower limbs' strength and gait speed), fear of falling, and depression.

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