BACKGROUND: Cervicogenic headache (CGH) is a disabling condition associated with musculoskeletal impairment of the cervical region. There is limited evidence for the efficacy of muscle energy technique (MET) on CGH. OBJECTIVE(S): The present study aimed to assess the effect of MET on CGH patients. METHOD(S): In this single-blinded, randomized, controlled study, thirty subjects with CGH aged 18 to 55 years were randomly assigned into two groups, intervention group (MET in cervical muscles + infrared (IR) radiation) and control group (IR). Both groups received these interventions for 6 sessions, 3 times a week for two weeks. Outcome measures included headache index, upper cervical rotation range of motion (ROM), and deep upper cervical muscles thickness. RESULT(S): In the intragroup analysis, the headache index and upper cervical rotation ROM were significantly different in the two groups (p < 0.05), but in the intergroup analysis, only left upper cervical rotation ROM was significantly different (p < 0.05). Additionally, all muscles thickness had no significant difference in intragroup and intergroup analyses (p > 0.05). The effect size was large in the MET group than that in the control group for ROM and headache index (d > 0.7), but this was less than medium for muscle thickness in the two groups (d < 0.5). CONCLUSION(S): MET+IR is a suitable and durable approach for CGH treatment and increase of upper cervical rotation ROM rather than IR alone, but this approach cannot change the muscles thickness significantly in 2 weeks.

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