BACKGROUND: Physical activity in aging reduces of risk factors, and plays a protective role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stability and Theraband resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors and cardio-respiratory fitness in elderly. METHODS: In this experimental study, 40 elderlies with cardiovascular risk factors were selected using simple sampling method. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of core stability and Theraband resistance training. Patient's body mass index (BMI), maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max), blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and lipid profiles were evaluated using Rockport walking test, manual pressure gauge, and Multicare-in instrument at baseline and after 12 weeks of training. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t test via SPSS software. FINDINGS: After intervention, FBS and lipid profiles improved significantly in both groups. Moreover, BMI, blood pressure, and VO2max improved after exercise. There was no significant difference in BMI, VO2max, blood pressure, and lipid profiles between the two groups, and only FBS was significantly less in Theraband resistance training group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that core stability training and Theraband resistance training both will improve BMI, VO2max, blood glucose, lipid profiles, and blood pressure in the elderly, and the use of these interventions in the medical and rehabilitation process of these patients is recommended.

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