PURPOSE: Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease whose first steps can be initiated from childhood. Therefore, we examined the effects of 2 training models on salusins levels, inflammatory markers, and lipid profile in boys with overweight/obesity. METHOD: Forty-five boys with overweight/obesity with the mean age of 11.06 (1.0) years were randomly divided into three groups of 15: a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group (100% to 110% of maximum aerobic speed); an aerobic training group (40% to 70% of heart rate reserve); and a control group. The intervention included 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Findings showed significant improvements in serum levels of salusins, salusins ratio, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and total cholesterol (TC) in both training groups (p < 0.001). Also, the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and cholesterol index improved significantly (p < 0.01). Except for the TG, HIIT caused higher improvements than aerobic training (p < 0.001 for salusin-alpha, salusins ratio, IL-6, CRP, TC, HDL, AIP, and cholesterol index; and p < 0.01 for salusin-beta and LDL). CONCLUSION: The present study shows that HIIT has more positive effects than aerobic exercise on the atherosclerotic and inflammatory factors, as well as lipid profile variables in children with overweight/obesity.

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