CONTEXT: The BDNF levels in the elderly are important in several health-related aspects. However, despite the increasing literature on the effects of exercise on BDNF levels, little is known about this issue in the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis on the effects of physical exercise of different intensities, duration, and frequency on peripheral BDNF levels in sedentary elderly without cognitive impairment. METHODS: A comprehensive meta-analysis of articles published between 2011 and 2021 was performed on studies reporting the effects of physical exercise on sedentary older adults. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan. RESULTS: Ten studies were included. It was observed that physical exercise did not have superior results to control. Aerobic exercise was better than resistance exercise in promoting an increase in peripheral BDNF after exercise. CONCLUSION: Physical exercise does not produce a difference in peripheral BDNF concentration in sedentary elderly when compared to non-physically active elderly.

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