BACKGROUND: Physical activity is beneficial for healthy and unhealthy people alike. However, patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) engage in limited physical activity. Understanding potential modifiable determinants of physical activity, including self-efficacy, for these patients is important. PURPOSE: To conduct 2 studies: (study 1) examine cross-sectional correlates of physical activity self-efficacy among patients with ESRD and (study 2) pilot a brief inpatient social cognitive theory-based intervention to increase physical activity self-efficacy and intentions of patients with ESRD. METHODS: Study 1: patients with ESRD were screened and recruited at hospital admission and completed surveys (n = 22; 27% male; 50% black; 22.7% Hispanic; age, mu = 60.6 years). Study 2: eligible study 1 participants were randomized into 1 of the 2 pilot study groups (n = 7; 14.3% male; 57.1% black; 28.6% Hispanic; age mean 62.1 years). A brief 1-session social cognitive theory-tailored behavioral intervention was provided to intervention participants (n = 4). RESULTS: Study 1: linear regression revealed significant relationships for physical functioning and outcome expectations with physical activity selfefficacy (R2 = 0.51; p = 0.001). Study 2: participation in the social cognitive theory-tailored intervention increased physical activity self-efficacy (mean delta 0.22; effect size (ES) 0.288) and physical activity intention measures (mean delta 0.25 to 0.75; ES 0.112 to 0.284). CONCLUSIONS: Brief social cognitive theory-based inpatient approaches may improve physical activity self-efficacy and intentions of patients with ESRD. Research with larger samples is needed.

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